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## Introduction |
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In most of the examples in this wiki the applications |
run from some basic URL - defined by the script name, |
for example "Hello World" application runs |
at "/hello" URL message board application runs |
from "/mb" URL. |
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It is simple and useful as all static files served |
as is and the application's URL use its own paths: |
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For example: |
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Static files: |
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/media/style.css |
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Application: |
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/mb |
/mb/tree/1 |
/mb/comment/10 |
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Where "/tree/1" and "/comment/10" are application's |
sub path. |
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However we frequently may want to run the application |
in the "root" of the web service such that the main |
URL would be "/" |
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The naive approach - redirecting all requests to the |
application would not work as static files should |
be served from other location starting from "/" and |
it is not application's job to serve static files. |
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So to do this you need to use URL Rewriting rules |
that exist in any modern web server. |
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So if the application should start at the root "/" |
and all the media files should be served from "/media/" |
directory we would want to live "/media/*" URL untouched |
and rewrite all other URLs like "/tree/1" to "/mb.fcgi/tree/1" where "/mb.fcgi" is out script. |
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So we would show how to create correct rewrite rules |
for the web server to serve the application in the |
host root. |
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We would assume that: |
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- All static files are placed in `/media/` directory |
relatively the the web root of the application. |
- Our FastCGI handler is mapped to "script" `/mb.fcgi`. |
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See [How to configure the web server to run CppCMS applications](/wikipp/en/page/cppcms_1x_tut_web_server_config) tutorial. |
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## Rewrite rules for different web servers |
### Apache |
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We should enable `mod_rewrite` and put in |
our `<VirtualHost *>` location following rewrite rules |
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RewriteEngine On |
RewriteRule ^(/media/.*)$ $1 [PT] |
RewriteRule ^(/favicon\.ico)$ $1 [PT] |
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /mb.fcgi/$1 [QSA,L] |
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All the "/media/" files would be served as-is as files `[PT]` flag and the rest of the URL's like `/some/url` would be mapped into /mb.fcgi/some/url` |
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### Lighttpd |
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We should enable `mod_rewrite` and provide following rule: |
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url.rewrite-once = ( |
"^(/media/.*)" => "$1", |
"^/favicon.ico$" => "$0", |
"^/(.*)" => "/mb.fcgi/$1" |
) |
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Please note that we use `rewrite-once` directive such |
that once `"^(/media/.*)"` rule is executed it would |
not be rewritten any more. |
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### Nginx |
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The rewrite rule that should be defined before |
the FastCGI handler is following: |
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rewrite ^(/media/.*)$ $1 last; |
rewrite ^(/favicon.ico)$ $1 last; |
rewrite ^/(.*)$ /mb.fcgi/$1 ; |
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Note: the `last` parameter is used for `/media/.*` root |
to prevent following substitution. This is not done |
fo the root URL `^/(.*)$` as FastCGI uses rewriting |
on its own. |
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### CppCMS-Embedded |
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The `http.rewrite` section defines the URL rewriting |
rules. It is implemented in CppCMS sarting from CppCMS 0.99.11. |
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The `http` configuration section should look like: |
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"http" : { |
"script" : "/mb.fcgi", |
"rewrite" : [ |
{ "regex" : "/media(/.*)?", "pattern" : "$0" }, |
{ "regex" : "/favion\\.ico", "pattern" : "$0" } |
{ "regex" : "/favion\\.ico", "pattern" : "$0" }, |
{ "regex" : ".*" , "pattern" : "/mb.fcgi$0" } |
] |
} |
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## Useful Sources |
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- [Apache mod\_rewrite](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html) |
- [Lighttpd mod\_rewrite](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/wiki/1/Docs:ModRewrite) |
- [Nginx rewrite module](http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpRewriteModule) |
- [The Django Book - Deploying Django](http://www.djangobook.com/en/1.0/chapter20/) |
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