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## Introduction
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In general build on Windows using Microsoft Visual Studio is quite complex due to several factors:
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1. Lack of easily accessible already build libraries in both debug and release variants for your MSVC version
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2. Need of strict debug/release separation
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So in order to make your life while building CppCMS simpler I suggest following rules:
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1. Keep strict separation of debug and release installations and 32/64 bit architectures, for example
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release
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Note: pcre, icu and zlib support debug/release mangling of the libraries/dlls for debug/release flavor, but OpenSSL does not. So I strongly recommend to use separate trees to ensure safety.
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2. When building with CMake always use "NMake Makefiles" generator to prevent collisions of debug/release methods
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3. Start from basic dependencies zlib and pcre that can be built using CMake than go with more complex ones like OpenSSL and ICU if needed.
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## Before We Begin
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## Building Dependencies
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1. Install Visual Studio or Visual Studio build tools
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2. Install CMake, make sure it is in global path
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3. Install Python 2.x version, make sure it is in global path
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4. Optionally install git if you want to build upstream branches.
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Checks: open cmd and try to run cmake, python and optionally git - see if it works.
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And finally make sure the directories you are building in are not scanned by anti-virus - otherwise you may get some build failures - due to files being locked by AV.
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Note: in all builds we will use Visual Studio console - open one for correct architecture.
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For example:
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- MSVC 2017 64 bit builds open: `x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017`
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- MSVC 2017 32 bit builds open: `x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017`
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I assume during this tutorial that you work in one of such a consoles.
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## Mandatory Dependencies
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### PCRE
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PCRE comes with CMake build system, however building it correctly may be somewhat tricky.
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Download the latest version of PCRE 8.x. Do not use PCRE2, it isn't supported.
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Important options to note:
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1. Use "NMake Makefiles" generator, default generator is multi flavor one and much harder to use properly.
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2. Make sure you **explicitly** specify Release/Debug flavor `-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release`
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3. Build Shared version of PCRE (i.e. dll) `-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON`
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4. Make sure you put `-DPCRE_SUPPORT_UNICODE_PROPERTIES=ON` option on to enable utf-8 support - otherwise regex tests will fail
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Step by step in the console:
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Release:
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cd \path\to\pcre\soures
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mkdir msvc-release-x64
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cd msvc-release-x64
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cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DPCRE_SUPPORT_UNICODE_PROPERTIES=ON -G"NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release ..
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nmake
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nmake install
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cd ..
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Debug:
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cd \path\to\pcre\soures
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mkdir msvc-debug-x64
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cd msvc-debug-x64
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cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DPCRE_SUPPORT_UNICODE_PROPERTIES=ON -G"NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug ..
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nmake
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nmake install
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cd ..
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### zlib
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Fortunately latest zlib versions come with CMake support making it much easier to build with Visual Studio.
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1. Use "NMake Makefiles" generator, default generator is multi version and much trickier to use.
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2. Make sure you **explicitly** specify Release/Debug flavor `-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release`
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2. Build Shared version of zlib (i.e. dll) `-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON`
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Step by step:
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Open Visual studio command prompt, for example `x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017` or `x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017` and change directory to location of zlib sources. Create build directory and run the commands:
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For example for x64 build
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Release
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mkdir msvc-release-x64
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cd msvc-release-x64
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cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -G"NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release ..
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nmake
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nmake install
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cd ..
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Debug
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mkdir msvc-debug-x64
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cd msvc-debug-x64
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cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -G"NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug ..
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nmake
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nmake install
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cd ..
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### Checking the build results.
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After installation of PCRE and zlib you need to get structure like this:
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include\zlib.h
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include\pcre.h
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...
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib\zlib.lib
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib\pcre.lib
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...
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin\zlib1.dll
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin\pcre.dll
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...
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include\zlib.h
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include\pcre.h
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...
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib\zlibd.lib
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib\pcred.lib
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...
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin\zlibd1.dll
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin\pcred.dll
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Note - the DLLs and libs with "d" suffix are placed in debug location.
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## Optional Dependencies
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### OpenSSL
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*Warning:* OpenSSL does not mangle its Debug and Release flavors - so make sure you have a separate install prefix for two OpenSSL flavors and never mix them!
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First of all you need to install perl as it is basic building and configuration tool. ActivePerl is recommended. Make sure it is in system path. Note: msys2 perl or cygwin perl does not work.
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Note: Make sure you open correct MSVC console for x64 and x86 builds.
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For 64 bit release build run the command:
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perl Configure VC-WIN64A no-asm --prefix=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release --openssldir=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release
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For 64 bit debug build run the command
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perl Configure debug-VC-WIN64A no-asm --prefix=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release --openssldir=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release
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For 32 bit release build run the command:
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perl Configure VC-WIN32 no-asm --prefix=c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release --openssldir=c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release
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For 32 bit debug build run the command
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perl Configure debug-VC-WIN32 no-asm --prefix=c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug --openssldir=c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug
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Afterwards run:
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nmake
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nmake install
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And between flavors make sure you run
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nmake distclean
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Notes:
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- `VC-WIN64A` and `debug-VC-WIN64A` are 64 bit build flavors for release and debug
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- `VC-WIN32` and `debug-VC-WIN32` are32 bit build flavors for release and debug
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- no-asm - disable NASM dependency - not really needed
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- `--prefix` and `--openssldir` are location of build results
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### ICU
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Several notes before building ICU on Windows.
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1. Don't use official builds from ICU website - it does not contain debug version and are build for only 1 specific MSVC versions.
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2. You can try get ready libraries there: <https://www.npcglib.org/~stathis/blog/precompiled-icu/> however the site by not be updated or have variants for your version of MSVC.
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3. If you build ICU use cygwin/MSVC combination, do not use provided MSVC solution.
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#### Using Downloadable binaries
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You can get them there: https://www.npcglib.org/~stathis/blog/precompiled-icu
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You can get them there: <https://www.npcglib.org/~stathis/blog/precompiled-icu>
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You need to put the include/bin/lib files to your tree according to correct paths debug/release and 32/64 bit. For example copy following:
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Headers:
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/unicode ->
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include\unicode
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include\unicode
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release\include\unicode
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug\include\unicode
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Import Libraries:
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/lib/*d.lib ->
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug\lib
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/lib/*.lib -> # without d
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release\lib
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/lib64/*d.lib ->
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/lib64/*.lib -> # without d
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib
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DLLs:
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/bin/*d59.dll ->
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Debug\bin
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/bin/*59.dll -> # without d
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c:\cppcms_deps\x86\Release\bin
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/bin64/*d59.dll ->
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin
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icu-59.1-vs2017/include/bin64/*59.dll -> # without d
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c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin
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This may save you the hassle of building ICU.
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#### Building ICU
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Note instructions are based on instructions from there: <https://wiki.qt.io/Compiling-ICU-with-MSVC>
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Steps to build:
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1. Download icu-xx-src.zip. Note **zip**, not _tgz_. The tgz does not contain all files for Windows build
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2. Install cygwin - only basic packages are needed: `make`, `dos2unix` and `binutils`.
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3. Open Visual Studio console and configure path to location of cygwin\bin directory, so bash and other tools will be accessible:
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set PATH=%PATH%;c:\cygwin\bin
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This way you can run cygwin commands from MSVC command line
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3. Go to source directory of the icu package and fix line encodings, otherwise bash will not work:
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dos2unix *
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dos2unix -f configure
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4. For release build run:
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bash runConfigureICU Cygwin/MSVC --prefix=/cygdrive/c/cppcms_deps/x64/Release
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make
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make install
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make distclean
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Distclean will allow to run debug configuration smoothly. Node cygwin style path to installation location: `/cygdrive/c/cppcms_deps/x64/Release`
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5. For debug build run
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bash runConfigureICU --enable-debug --disable-release Cygwin/MSVC --prefix=/cygdrive/c/cppcms_deps/x64/Debug
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make
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make install
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make distclean
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Note `--enable-debug --disable-release` must go **before** `Cygwin/MSVC` - otherwise you'll get release binaries
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6. Note, the installation script installs dlls to the same location as lib, so you need to move them from `c:\cppcms_deps\x64\(Release|Debug)\lib` to `c:\cppcms_deps\x64\(Release|Debug)\bin`
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Now you have working ICU.
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## Building CppCMS
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Several notes when building using MSVC:
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1. Only "NMake Makefiles" generator is supported
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2. You need to specify `-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug` or `-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo` explicitly since default is Debug for MSVC.
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2. You also recommend to add `-DDISABLE_STATIC=ON` since on Windows only dll version allows to build dynamically loadable views and use plugins.
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So open the VS console, go to cppcms source directory and run configuration and build:
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### Release
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Release build
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mkdir msvc-x64-rel
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cd msvc-x64-rel
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cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DDISABLE_STATIC=ON -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib
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-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release ..
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cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DDISABLE_STATIC=ON -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\include -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\lib -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release ..
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nmake
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Testing:
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set PATH=%PATH%;c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin;.\booster\
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set PATH=%PATH%;c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Release\bin;.\booster\
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nmake test
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Installation:
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nmake install
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### Debug
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Debug build
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mkdir msvc-x64-rel
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cd msvc-x64-deb
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cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DDISABLE_STATIC=ON -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib
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-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug ..
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cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DDISABLE_STATIC=ON -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\include -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\lib -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug ..
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nmake
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Testing:
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set PATH=%PATH%;c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin;.\booster\
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set PATH=%PATH%;c:\cppcms_deps\x64\Debug\bin;.\booster\
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nmake test
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Installation:
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nmake install
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And now start development using CppCMS
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## References
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1. <http://developer.covenanteyes.com/building-openssl-for-visual-studio/>
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2. <https://wiki.qt.io/Compiling-ICU-with-MSVC>
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3. <https://www.npcglib.org/~stathis/blog/precompiled-icu/>
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